Coalition for Action
“Copyright for Education and Research”
Aktionsbündnis „Urheberrecht für Bildung und Wissenschaft“

The Göttingen Declaration on
Copyright for Education and Research
of 5 July 2004

Preliminary Remarks
The answer to the question ‘How accessible are knowledge and information?’ will determine the opportunities for education and development open to every citizen in the information society and the opportunities future generations will have to build on existing knowledge. The legal provisions set out in German copyright law will determine whether open, networked communications structures will continue to develop in our society in the long term. They will also affect the quality of our education system, the inventiveness of the sciences and the innovative capacity of trade and industry. In a global, competitive environment, they play a vital role in promoting social, cultural and economic development and hence in securing the future of our society.  
With regard to the implementation of Directive 2001/29/EC in Germany, the legislature has so far mainly addressed the concerns of rightholders regarding the commercial use of digital media and networks as additional distribution channels. The prime concern here has been to minimise the risks related to private copying rather than to encourage exploiting the opportunities afforded by the new technical media to the public at large. The latter point is particularly important for the fields of education and science, because it is here that the information society contains new potential for imparting knowledge and promoting co-operation between scientists. The way these new opportunities are used is a decisive competitive factor on the global stage. 
We, the undersigned, undertake to ensure that the full potential of the digital media and communications systems remain open for use by the general public and, in particular, by science, and that these media and systems are not subject to restrictions which primarily serve the commercialisation of information by the private sector.
In a digitised and networked information society,
 access to global information for the purposes of education and science
must be guaranteed at all times from any place.

Goals
Education and research must be allowed unrestricted use of the new ways of disseminating and acquiring knowledge and information. However, the limitations in German copyright law (particularly sections 52a and 53) no longer set out the privileges needed by education and science in a positive, clearly understandable and practicable way. Instead, these privileges are subject to considerable restrictions which are likely to create uncertainly or even criminalise those working in education and science, instead of offering the legal certainty they require to perform work for the benefit of the general public. 
Schools, universities and colleges have developed and successfully tested, in countless projects, the use of new digital, networked media for disseminating knowledge (eLearning) and for communicating and co-operating with others. A considerable amount of effort has gone into this, supported by funds from federal and state levels. In many schools, universities and colleges, the use of network-based learning environments now accounts for a significant part of regular curricular activities, and has brought about a lasting improvement in the quality of learning and teaching. The various forms of eLearning also hold enormous potential for vocational qualification programmes and further training schemes. Hence, in the information society, it is extremely important for teaching staff that their academic freedoms and access to information are not restricted unreasonably, and that both staff and students enjoy the legal protection necessary for them to exploit and develop eLearning to the full in future. 
Science and research use and develop the latest knowledge in a continuous communicative process that involves scientists working in small local teams as well as their exchanging information on a worldwide basis. These flows of information and communication must not be obstructed by restrictive provisions in the copyright law. Free access to information and its continued protection, as well as free access to knowledge and our cultural heritage must be encouraged and maintained. There must be an unhindered exchange of knowledge if science is to continue making a productive contribution to society. These are core issues for science and its development. 
The legally prescribed duty of public information institutions, such as libraries, multimedia libraries and archives, to supply society with information must be strengthened and supported so that they can work more efficiently. This means, above all, sustainable long-term archiving programs and the provision of access to the collections of these institutions using modern digital communications and information systems. Only in this way can the sustainable preservation of our cultural heritage be ensured and global access guaranteed.
Free access to information and knowledge does not mean that there should be no remuneration. Copyright law should establish fair and balanced terms and conditions to ensure remuneration for the use of protected works and unrestricted access for the purposes of education and science. Technological protection measures which restrict access to information in order to maximise commercial profits, which impose far-reaching restrictions that impinge upon the private sphere and make secure, long-term archiving impossible are, therefore, the wrong approach. They hinder the free development of education and science and, consequently, the economic development of our society, too. The appropriate remuneration of rightholders through a system of flat-rate payments made through collecting societies has a long tradition Germany. This system has worked well for several decades now. Similar systems of collective compensation can also be applied to Internet usage and must be preferred to all restrictions that rely on technological protection measures. 
With these goals, we consider that we are in agreement with 
•	the German government and its resolutions on a ‘Master Plan for the Information Society’ (3 December 2003) and the government policy statement issued by Chancellor Gerhard Schröder on 25 March 2004,
•	the declaration of principles and the action programme of the UN World Summit on the Information Society also signed by the German government (Geneva, 12 December 2003), and 
•	German President Horst Köhler and his warning: ‘In my opinion, Germany is proceeding too slowly along the road to the science society. Germany must become a country of ideas!’ (23 May 2004) 

Declaration:
I support the goals of the Coalition for Action.
A.	On behalf of a scientific organisation, professional society, organisation, institution, etc.: 
	
Name of organisation	Acronym

Title, first name, surname of the undersigned

Position of undersigned (e.g. board member authorised to represent a board)

Tel. No.	e-mail address

Title, first name, surname of the contact person (if different from the above)

Tel. No.	e-mail address

Place, date	signature

B.	In a  personal capacity: 

Title, first name, surname	Tel. No.

Occupation	e-mail address

Place, date	signature

Please send an original of the signed declaration to the following address:

Urheberrecht für Bildung und Wissenschaft e.V.
Bundeszentrale
Ammerländer Heerstraße 121
26129 Oldenburg
Germany